Sahel states chart risky path after exit from Ecowas

Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso are navigating an uncertain transition after their official departure from Ecowas, West Africa’s main political and economic bloc. Radio France Internationale (RFI), a French public broadcaster, reports the split became final this week as a six-month cooling-off period expired without reversal.

The departure leaves key agreements on free movement, trade, and joint security in limbo. Though cross-border flows remain intact for now, Ecowas officials say that all arrangements are under review. A May meeting between Ecowas and the breakaway Alliance of Sahel States (AES) produced a joint summary, but formal negotiations have since stalled.

Debt, aid programs, and visa policies are among the many unresolved issues. Sahel analysts warn the stakes are high, with economic cooperation and civilian safety on the line.

The bloc’s fracture also comes amid rising jihadist violence and shifting allegiances. France’s withdrawal from the region has accelerated Russia’s role, with Wagner forces replaced in Mali by another Kremlin-linked unit, Africa Corps.